The Constitution (Seventy-Third Amendment) Act, 1992

The Constitution (Seventy-Third Amendment) Act, aimed at strengthening India’s Panchayati Raj institutions, came into effect on April 20, 1993. It inserted Part IX into the Constitution, which advanced the Directive Principles of State Policy, especially Article 40 that covers the organising of village panchayats as units of self-government. Part IX consists of Articles 243–243(o) and the Eleventh Schedule.This Act stipulates the creation of governing structures at the village, intermediate and district levels. It ensures democratic structures by mandating regular elections and a fixed tenure for members. The powers and responsibilities of these bodies are determined by the state legislature.